Educador aponta cinco dicas que ajudam a combater as fake news pelos alunos nesse momento de pandemia.
Combater as fake news tem sido outro problema em meio à crise do coronavírus. Em um ambiente propício, qualquer pessoa pode ser alvo delas, independentemente de sua idade, formação ou condição social. Logo, o combate a esse mal só pode ser feito com conhecimento.
A escola é, portanto, o melhor ambiente para ensinar às crianças e aos jovens como lidar com esse mal. Então, a partir do que se aprende na escola, o aluno torna-se capaz de compartilhar os saberes com seu núcleo familiar. Dessa forma, juntos, todos ajudam no combate às fake news.
E o que os educadores podem fazer? O professor Juliano Costa, vice-presidente de Produtos Educacionais da Pearson LATAM, nos ajuda nessa missão. Ele compilou cinco dicas que ajudam a combater as fake news e podem ser aplicadas pelos professores nesse momento de quarentena. Confira!
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Crie grupos de mensagens
Com as aulas suspensas, grupos em aplicativos de mensagens podem ser uma boa forma de manter a proximidade com seus alunos. Proponha a eles a criação de um grupo dedicado a “desmascarar” fake news sobre o coronavírus. Estimule-os a compartilhar no grupo notícias falsas e ajude-os a mostrar aos demais membros do grupo porque aquilo não procede. Convidar também professores de disciplinas variadas para participar do grupo é uma boa forma de proporcionar uma abordagem multidisciplinar para a análise desses conteúdos.
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Compare notícias verdadeiras e falsas
Compartilhe também notícias verdadeiras nos grupos, e estimule os alunos a identificar características que as diferenciam das fake news. São elas: citação das fontes onde as informações foram obtidas, nível de detalhe dos fatos narrados, correção gramatical, se o site que dá a notícia pertence a um veículo de imprensa conhecido, entre outros pontos.
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Incentive uma atitude questionadora
É possível aproveitar uma característica típica de alunos jovens para fazer com que eles sempre olhem de forma crítica para todas as informações que recebem e as questionem antes de aceitá-las como verdadeiras. “Em geral, os jovens, principalmente no ensino médio, estão na fase da heteronomia, ou seja, aquela fase da vida em que o sujeito tem por hábito se posicionar contra o que é comumente estabelecido. Por isso, o professor deve trabalhar o ato de tomar uma atitude e questionar, para que isso possa ser aplicado também em contextos e ambientes diversos – inclusive o virtual, onde é maior a incidência de fake news”, aponta o educador.
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Use o que foi aprendido em sala de aula
Nada melhor que estimular o aluno a aplicar na vida real aquilo que ele estudou em sala de aula. Um professor de Biologia pode relembrar as aulas sobre características e comportamento dos vírus para refutar uma mentira sobre métodos para curar a doença. Em Matemática, aulas de progressão geométrica ajudarão a entender o avanço da disseminação, de forma a desmentir conteúdos que questionem a necessidade de enfrentamento sério da pandemia. Em Língua Portuguesa, o estudo de gramática ajuda a compreender que erros básicos podem indicar que a fonte da notícia não é um veículo de comunicação de credibilidade.
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Estimule o debate no combate a fake news
Evite simplesmente “jogar” a notícia no grupo e explicar por que ela é falsa ou verdadeira. Quando um conteúdo for compartilhado, pergunte aos alunos se aquilo procede e conduza um processo em que eles debatam e argumentem para chegar à conclusão correta. “É papel da educação fazer com que, desde a infância, os seres humanos adquiram informações para questionar boatos provenientes de fontes sem credibilidade e conseguir construir uma linha argumentativa para agir diretamente no combate à disseminação dessas notícias”, diz Juliano.
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